The rules of jus cogens (also known as pre-emptory norm)[1] are derived from the customary international law, and it is a rule or principle which is so fundamental that it binds all states and does not allow any exceptions.

Although we have known and recognised our National Emblem for years, an issue regarding the National Emblem arose recently when one was unveiled on top of the new Parliament Building in India.

The entire idea of legal aid has grown gradually in India after facing a lot of challenges. However, according to Justice Muralidhar, the concept of legal aid evolved mainly through three phases.

With the provision being about a presumption and establishing of a fact on the basis of the given assertions, the time limitation of seven years has been made clear therein.

According to the formal process of investigation of a crime, after the completion of investigation a report is filed by the police before the Magistrate which is also known as a Chargesheet.

Before declaring a person guilty, one has to test his ordinary prudence. This can be checked either subjectively or objectively.